Customs clearance is the mandatory official process of getting permission for goods to enter or leave India. The process starts when you file a bill of entry for imports or a shipping bill for exports on the ICEGATE portal.

It includes the cargo value, origin, HSN classification, and destination of the products. If a shipment does not meet the legal rules, customs authorities hold the goods for physical checks until they get the missing information.

A Customs House Agent (CHA) often manages the tasks of submitting the declaration in the correct format and paying the applicable taxes and duties.

<a></a>Why Is Customs Clearance Required?

Other than being a legal requirement for all commercial shipments crossing international borders, ‌customs clearance is required because:

<a></a>What Is the Custom Clearance Process for Indian Exporters?

While exporters are legally responsible for customs compliance, most businesses appoint a Customs Broker (CHA) to handle document filing and storage. As most of India’s trade is digitized and routed through the Indian Customs EDI System (ICES), the CHA plays an essential role in precise electronic filing and storage through the ICEGATE and e-Sanchit portals, respectively.

Here is what the customs clearance process looks like for Indian exporters:

<a></a>What Is the Custom Clearance Process for Indian Importers?

Most importers hire a Customs Broker (CHA) to handle the technical filing on the ICES system. Here’s what the customs clearance process looks like:

<a></a>Pre-Arrival: Registration and Documents

<a></a>Examination Channels and Final Release

<a></a>What Documents Are Required for Customs Clearance in India?

The document list for customs clearance differs for an exporter and an importer. We have classified the entire document list for exporting and importing goods in India:

<a></a>What Are the Different Customs Clearance Fees in India?

Customs duties are not fixed in India. They are calculated based on the declaration value of the goods and the HSN classification

<a></a>Detailed Dashboard Tracking (Registered Users)

Follow these steps to check bill of entry status on ICEGATE if you’re a registered user:

1. Log-in to the ICEGATE portal using your credentials

2. Locate Bill of Entry - Job Status on the dashboard

3. Click on Detailed Status to download an Excel file with shipment statuses.

For registered users, the dashboard view gives a more granular, real-time status than the public enquiry route.

<a></a>How Long Does Customs Clearance Take in India?

The timeline for customs clearance in India depends on several factors, including the nature of the goods, the completeness of your documentation, port congestion, and the specific mode of transport.

<a></a>What Are the Common Reasons Shipments Get Stuck at Customs?

Even a minor error can lead to significant delays. Based on regulatory standards and the technical framework of Indian trade, these are the most frequent causes for shipments being stalled

Paperwork Errors and Data Mismatches: Incomplete paperwork or minor typos, such as incorrect HS codes or vague product descriptions, cause immediate holds. For example, using a broad term like electronics instead of a specific description.

Undervaluation or Overvaluation: Customs officers verify declared values. If they are suspiciously low or abnormally high values they may start a formal reassessment and ask for supporting proof like bank statements or wire transfers.

Unpaid Duties and Taxes: A shipment will not receive its Out-of-Charge (OOC) order until you pay all the assessed duties and taxes in full.

Missing Licenses or Permits: Regulated goods, including electronics, pharmaceuticals, chemicals, and food, require specialized agency approvals. If these are missing upon arrival, the shipment is held until the correct certificates are produced

Prohibited or Restricted Items: Goods that are banned in India or hazardous materials that cannot meet safety standards are stopped by custom authorities

Random or Risk-Based Inspections: The automated Risk Management System (RMS) selects shipments for physical inspection based on profiling, which can cause some delay

Missing or Invalid Consignee Information (KYC): Without valid Know Your Customer documentation to the logistics carrier, your export could remain stuck for days.

Incorrect HS Code Classification: Using a vague or incorrect 8-digit HSN code automatically flags a shipment for audit, duty recalculation, and potential penalties

<a></a>How to Avoid Delays in Customs Clearance?

You can prevent most of the delays in customs clearance by just being proactive. Follow these industry best practices to minimize the risk of cargo holds and additional port costs:

Get documentation right before dispatch: Ensure that the commercial invoice, packing list, and certificate of origin match each other exactly in terms of weight, quantity, and value. Any discrepancy will cause automated system flags and physical inspections.

Use specific product descriptions: Avoid vague terms like “electronics,” “samples,” or “gift”. Instead, provide technical and detailed descriptions to allow customs officers determine the correct assessment.

Declare accurate values: Never undervalue your goods; customs authorities verify declared values with global databases and actual purchase receipts. Intentional or accidental misevaluation results in severe penalties, cargo seizure, or prolonged valuation disputes.

Use correct HS codes: Identify the right 8-digit HSN code for your product for correct duty calculation. Verify codes using the Indian Customs Compliance Information Portal (CIP).

Secure permits before shipping: Get necessary No-Objection Certificates (NOCs) from agencies like FSSAI or BIS before the shipment arrives.

Clarify duty responsibility upfront (Incoterms): State agreed Incoterms (e.g., DDP vs. EXW) on all shipping documents. This ensures both customs and the logistics provider know exactly which party settles duties.

Provide complete contact details: Include accurate names, full addresses, and active phone numbers for both the sender and the consignee.

Use ICEGATE for digital filing: Use e-Sanchit repository for paperless document submission. It reduces manual data-entry errors and speeds up the assessment cycle.

Engage a licensed Customs House Agent (CHA): A CHA is an expert in handling local regulations and resolving classification disputes.

Getting customs clearance solves only half of the challenge for Indian exporters. They still have to find a way to get paid from their international clients without losing money to hidden forex charges or bank delays.

Skydo solves both the problems as it is a specialized payment platform made for Indian goods and service exporters. You get paid from your foreign clients on time, and directly into your bank accounts. Here’s how:

Flat fees: Skydo charges a flat fee, $19 for transactions under $2,000; $29 for $2,000–$10,000; 0.3% for transactions above $10,000. No hidden forex markup or any other extra charges

Free virtual accounts in multiple currencies: Create virtual accounts in USD, EUR, GBP, SGD, AUD, CAD + International SWIFT at free of cost. Your clients pay you locally in their currency, and the payments get settled to your bank account in INR.

Free FIRC for every transaction: Skydo issues a free FIRC every time you receive an international payment. This is an important compliance document to prove you have received international payment in India.

Fully digital, no manual follow-up: No RM calls, no chasing SWIFT copies, you get real-time visibility into payment status from the Skydo dashboard.

Quick setup: Account setup takes 10–15 minutes and there is no monthly fees.

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A shipping bill is a mandatory customs document that needs to be filed with the Indian Customs when you export goods out of India. This document contains value, quantity, nature of the goods, destination country and other details about the exported goods that you are shipping out of the country.

Once submitted, Customs reviews the details provided. They check the declared value of the goods and verify if any duty, cess, or export-related benefits apply. They also conduct the required compliance checks before allowing the shipment to move ahead.

After completing these checks, Customs issues the Let Export Order (LEO). This order gives permission for the carrier to move the export cargo out of India.

The shipping bill also plays an important role even after customs clearance. Exporters can use it to claim benefits such as duty drawback and GST refunds. Banks also refer to this document to verify export proceeds under FEMA regulations.

<a></a>Why is the Shipping Bill Important?

A shipping bill serves as a crucial reference throughout the export journey. Beyond custom clearance, it helps exporters claim export-related benefits, receive GST refunds and ensure compliance with foreign payment regulations.

Let us understand its importance and the role it plays in detail:

As an exporter, until you submit a shipping bill to the customs by yourself or via a CHA, your goods cannot move out of India. It applies to any shipment mode, whether it is via air, land or sea. It connects your invoice, <a href="https://www.skydo.com/blog/packing-list-export">packing list</a> and transport details to ensure you are shipping the same goods you are declaring in that bill.

<a></a>Duty Drawback and Incentives for Exports

Based on the accurate data in a shipping bill, exporters receive the benefits of different incentive schemes. These schemes typically include a Duty Drawback, <a href="https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2001049&amp;reg=3&amp;lang=2">Rebate of State and Central Taxes and Levies (RoSCTL)</a>, and Remission of Duties and Taxes on Exported Products (RoDTEP). Incorrect information in this bill may result in a delay or rejection of claims.

Suppose an exporter has made exports with IGST payment and filed the bill online through ICEGATE. Here, the ICEGATE shipping bill acts as a deemed refund application. Once the details in the bill match the GST return details by that exporter, the system (e.g. ICEGATE) automatically processes the IGST refund. It eliminates a separate refund application.

The bill is further important as it helps banks to track export proceeds against a certain shipping bill using systems linked with the RBI. This allows exporters to receive foreign currency payments within the prescribed timeline.

The typical workflow of a shipping bill for exports follows a series of structured steps. It begins with registering the required export details for Customs verification and approval.

From submitting the required information to receiving the final clearance, every step ensures that the goods comply with export regulations before leaving India.

<a></a>What Are the Types of Shipping Bills in Export?

Different types of shipping bills, including free, dutiable and ex-bond, are used based on the nature of the export, applicable duties and benefits being claimed by the exporter.

Each category serves a specific purpose, from duty-free exports to claiming incentives or re-exporting goods. Let us look at the different types of shipping bills and their uses in detail:

In terms of exports, customs requires this bill to move the physical goods out of India. If something that is not tangible crosses the Indian border, it does not require this bill. Hence, companies (SaaS companies), businesses, and freelancers that export services usually do not need to file this with the Indian customs.

However, for the export of software and services, their respective compliance shifts to the RBI reporting from customs. Here, you may wonder what should be produced instead of a shipping bill for exporting services. For this service, exporters submit a SOFTEX form containing client details, invoice value, foreign currency earnings, etc.

In essence, the Software Export Declaration or the <a href="https://www.skydo.com/blog/softex-form-guide-indian-exporters">SOFTEX form</a> is the shipping bill for software or service export industries in India. However, this form is set to be replaced by a unified <a href="https://www.skydo.com/blog/export-declaration-form">Export Declaration Form</a> (EDF) from 1 October 2026.

<a></a>How to File a Shipping Bill on ICEGATE: A Step-by-Step Guide

Filing a shipping bill on ICEGATE is now a digital process where exporters submit shipment details, upload supporting documents and complete customs verification before export clearance.

<a></a>The process moves from initial registration and document filing to risk assessment and final approval through the Let Export Order (LEO). Let us go through each step in detail:

<a></a>Step 1: Registration and Prerequisites

As an exporter, obtain the DGFT-issued Import Export Code (IEC). Get your AD Code letter from your bank, log in to the ICEGATE portal and submit your AD code.

<a></a>Step 2: Document Submission and Data Entry

Submit your shipping bill details electronically through ICEGATE. Upload documents such as invoices, packing lists, and export contracts through e-Sanchit. The ICEGATE portal uses e-Sanchit as its portal to upload documents for customs processing. The system then generates a checklist for you to review and confirm before processing continues.

<a></a>Step 3: Assessment and Verification

The Risk Management System of the Indian Customs reviews your shipment details. Here, low-risk consignments typically get clearance through self-assessment without intervention. High-risk consignment may require physical examination of cargo and further assessment of documents at the port.

Post verification and payment of duties, a Customs officer issues the LEO. It authorises exporters to load goods onto the vessel or aircraft for export. Customs generates the final shipping bill only after an LEO issuance. Once exporters complete the LEO and their carrier files <a href="https://www.skydo.com/blog/egm-icegatehttps://www.skydo.com/blog/egm-icegatehttps://www.skydo.com/blog/egm-icegate">EGM</a>, their AD bank tracks export payment realisation against that bill number.

Managing export payments efficiently after shipping bill filing is equally important. Platforms like <a href="https://www.skydo.com/">Skydo</a> help exporters simplify cross-border payment collection with flat fees, real-time tracking, and free FIRC support for every transaction.

<a></a>What Documents Are Required to File a Shipping Bill?

Here are some key or crucial documents that you must keep ready while filing this bill to authorise your exports:

Note: You can now upload all shipping bill documents digitally through e-Sanchit. Hence, physical document submission at Customs counters is no longer the primary process.

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A shipping bill includes several important export details, such as the exporter and buyer information for shipment identification. Goods description and HS code for product classification, and declared value for Customs assessment.&nbsp;

This document also includes details of the port of loading, destination country, and mode of transport for shipment tracking. Customs uses this bill for export clearance and cargo loading approval.

From the perspective of an exporter, it is used to claim duty drawback benefits, initiate the GST refund process and report foreign remittance details for RBI compliance.

<a></a>What are Some Common Mistakes to Avoid When Filing a Shipping Bill?

Here are some common mistakes that you must be aware of and avoid for a successful filing:

<a></a>How Skydo Helps after Filing a Shipping Bill?

After Customs generates the LEO, an exporter must receive overseas payments and obtain FIRC certificates. Here, many exporters face delays and banking hassles.

Skydo assists Indian exporters in receiving foreign payments through free virtual accounts in currencies such as USD, EUR, GBP, SGD, AUD, and CAD.

We follow transaction-based pricing from $19, and provide free FIRC certificates for every payment. Skydo supports bulk shipping bill uploads, IRM auto-matching, and one-click eBRC generation.

With Skydo, get your virtual account within 5 minutes. Enjoy features like a zero forex margin, an instant FIRA, a flat fee and more and streamline your export payments!

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An export license is an official government permission required to ship certain categories of goods to specific countries. To export items or products that are considered ‘restricted’ as per the foreign trade policy, you must obtain this license from the Directorate General of Foreign Trade (DGFT).

The Indian government requires export licences for certain goods. This is to protect national security, preserve cultural and environmental resources, and comply with international trade obligations. This system also helps authorities monitor the movement of sensitive or regulated products across borders and prevents their misuse.

For products of the freely exportable category, an exporter does not need an export license. Exporting such goods needs only an IEC, i.e. a universal 10-digit alphanumeric code.

<a></a>What Are the Types of Export Licenses?

There are different types of export licences in India. Based on the nature of the goods, their end use, and the applicable export regulations, different licenses apply. The main types of export licences include:

Unlike an IEC, which every exporter must obtain, an exporter needs an Individual Licence only for certain products. For example, an exporter may require an Individual Licence to export a restricted chemical or controlled technology to a specific buyer in another country.

<a></a>Open General Export License (OGEL)

It is a specialised license to export defence-related equipment to overseas countries that are eligible to receive such shipments. OGEL allows exporters to make multiple exports of specified items without requiring a separate licence for each shipment. However, as an exporter, you must satisfy the eligibility, reporting, and other requirements. Managed by the Department of Defence Production

SCOMET stands for Special Chemicals, Organisms, Materials, Equipment and Technologies. Exporters need this license to export special chemicals, organisms, etc., that fall under the dual-use item category, that is, when it could qualify for both military and civil use. These include cryptographic software and even nuclear materials. Its approval considers factors like the destination country, end user, intended use of the product, etc.

Depending on the category of item you are exporting, you may need to submit technical specifications and end-use certificates.

As its name implies, exporters need this to export items listed as restricted. Such a category includes exporting live animals, silkworms, sandalwood, etc. You get this license only after the relevant authority reviews the export request and its compliance. Approval may be subject to restrictions on quantity, destination country, validity period and other factors.

<a></a>What Documents Are Required for an Export License?

Document requirements vary by licence type. The DGFT issues export licences and requires basic business documents for the application process. However, specialised authorisations such as SCOMET and OGEL may require additional information, end-use certificates, and NOC:

Here’s a quick look at what you’ll need:

To export goods that require a licence, you must register your business as a private limited company, a partnership firm or a Limited Liability Partnership (LLP). You will need to submit proof of this registration.

You must complete the application for a license to export restricted items by submitting the ANF-2N and ANF-1 forms. Here, the ANF-1 captures the business and exporter details. While ANF-2N is the application form to seek authorisation for exporting any restricted goods. Both forms are prescribed and issued by the DGFT as part of the export licensing process.

You must also have a valid GST registration certificate and number to apply for this license. This 15-digit alphanumeric code serves as your digital identity as a business and helps keep track of your export and other business activities. Also, attach your business’s PAN card copy.

While applying for an export license, you must also attach the receipt of the fee you paid online for it. This fee typically varies by licence type, and exporters pay it online through the DGFT portal during the application process. For example, applications for restricted items or SCOMET export authorisations generally attract a fee of ₹1,000 per application.

To export restricted goods, attach an end-use or end-user certificate with the documents. This certificate confirms who will receive the goods and how they will use them. It helps authorities ensure they are not diverted for unauthorised purposes. You must attach an NOC from the owner if your business operates from a rental property.

How to Apply for an Export License on the DGFT Portal?

To apply for an export license, you need to visit the <a href="https://www.dgft.gov.in/">DGFT web portal</a> and complete the application process online by following the steps below.&nbsp;

However, these steps are for the ‘Restricted Exports’ category and they vary from other types of export license or authorisation you are applying for.

Step 1: Log in to the DGFT portal.&nbsp;

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Step 2: Go to Services → Export Management System → Restricted Exports.

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Step 3: Select ‘Apply for Restricted Exports’ and click ‘Start Fresh Application’ or continue a saved draft if available.

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Step 4: Enter the basic export/authorisation details as required by the system. Once done, keep clicking on the ‘Save &amp; Next’ button to reach the other details page.&nbsp;

Step 5: Attach all mandatory documents (as per item/category requirements) in the prescribed format.

Step 6: Once you have uploaded the documents, click on the ‘Save &amp; Next’ button to reach the declaration page. Select the terms and conditions check box to accept them.&nbsp;

Step 7: A draft of the application will be created and you will reach the ‘Application Summary’ screen. Click on the ‘Print Summary’ button.&nbsp;

Step 8: Proceed to make payment for the application.

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Step 9: After successful payment, you will be redirected to the DGFT portal, where the receipt is displayed and can be downloaded or printed. A confirmation is also sent via email and SMS acknowledging the file submission.

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<a></a>How Much Does an Export License Cost in India?

The cost of an export license in India is not fixed and depends on the type of license you apply for and how you choose to complete the process.

Here’s a breakdown to help you understand the overall expenses involved:

Cost Comparison Between DIY Application and Hiring a CA

Comparison Between the Channels of Export License Application

<a></a>What Goods Require an Export License?

Several categories of regulated goods need an export licence. These include SCOMET items, defence-related products, wildlife derivatives, antiquities, and more:

Note: Most general merchandise, software and IT services qualify as freely exportable and require only a valid IEC.

<a></a>What is the Validity of an Export License?

The export licence validity varies by type. For example, an IEC has lifetime validity, but is subject to annual updates. Advance Authorisation and DFIA generally have a validity of 12 to 24 months. EPCG has a 6-year export obligation period. While a SCOMET export licence may be issued for a specific consignment or for up to 24 months.

Note that the DGFT allows exporters to reapply for a licence to export within 6 months and up to 12 months from the expiry of its validity.

As an exporter, you must apply before expiry through the DGFT portal, providing justification and the required documents. The authority approves an extension based on compliance. However, the <a href="https://www.skydo.com/blog/iec-code-apply-online">IEC registration</a> has lifetime validity.

How Does Skydo Help After You Get Your Export License?

As you get your export license, you can move to AD bank registration, invoicing, and receiving international payments. However, exporters often lose 3 to 5% per transaction due to bank, forex markups and other charges.

Platforms like Skydo offer competitive forex rates with transparent pricing. You pay $19 for transactions up to $2,000, $29 for transfers between $2,001 and $10,000, and 0.3% for amounts above $10,000. GST is charged additionally.

Skydo also provides compliance documentation and an instant FIRA while simplifying the payment workflow. This allows exporters to focus on business instead of paperwork.

For exporters looking to simplify cross-border payments and compliance, Skydo offers transparent fees and a streamlined payment experience!

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What Is Export Promotion Capital Goods (EPCG) Scheme?

The Export Promotion Capital Goods (EPCG) Scheme allows Indian exporters to import capital goods, such as machinery and equipment, at zero customs duty, provided they fulfill prescribed export obligations within a specified period. Under the scheme, businesses are generally required to complete exports worth six times the customs duty saved, known as the Specific Export Obligation (SEO), within six years of authorisation.

Certain exporters may also need to maintain their Average Export Obligation (AEO), which means continuing their historical export performance while separately fulfilling the EPCG-linked export target. The scheme is administered by the Directorate General of Foreign Trade (DGFT) under India’s Foreign Trade Policy.

The objective of the EPCG Scheme is to reduce the upfront cost of importing machinery and equipment, helping Indian businesses improve production capacity, technology, and global competitiveness.

Capital goods covered under the EPCG scheme include machinery, production equipment, computer systems, packaging units, testing instruments, tools, and similar assets used for manufacturing goods or delivering export services.&nbsp;

For example, textile manufacturers importing automated looms or IT companies importing high-performance servers qualify under the scheme.

The EPCG scheme enables businesses to import capital goods at reduced or zero customs duty in exchange for meeting prescribed export obligations. The process typically begins with obtaining an EPCG authorisation, followed by importing capital goods, and eventually fulfilling export obligations. Here’s how the scheme typically works in practice:

For example, if you import machinery worth ₹50 lakh, the applicable duty on the import is 20%. This comes to ₹10 lakh saved on duty.

Now, under SEO, your obligation becomes ₹10 lakh × 6 = ₹60 lakh. So, over the next six years, you must generate exports worth ₹60 lakh.&nbsp;

At the same time, if your business was already exporting ₹20 lakh every year before obtaining the EPCG license, you cannot let that drop. You need to continue exporting at least ₹20 lakh annually, and the ₹60 lakh target comes on top of that.

Businesses engaged in export-related activities can apply for the EPCG Scheme if they fall under the following categories:

While eligible businesses are generally required to fulfil export obligations under the scheme, not all sectors are required to maintain AEO. Certain industries are exempt due to the nature of their operations, seasonal export patterns, or policy support objectives under the Foreign Trade Policy (FTP).

What Are the Key Benefits of EPCG Scheme?

The EPCG scheme helps businesses import capital goods at reduced or zero customs duty. This lowers upfront costs, supports business expansion, encourages technology upgrades, and improves export competitiveness. Thus, directly reduces the financial pressure of expanding your business.

The EPCG Scheme helps businesses reduce the cost of importing machinery and equipment by allowing duty-free import of capital goods. This removes Basic Customs Duty (BCD), lowering the overall cost of imports for exporters.

2. GST Benefit on Domestic Procurement Under EPCG

The EPCG Scheme is not limited to imported machinery. Businesses can also procure eligible capital goods from domestic manufacturers under EPCG authorisation. In such cases, the domestic supplier, rather than the EPCG holder, may qualify for deemed export benefits under applicable GST provisions.

In simple terms, while the EPCG business receives the benefit of acquiring capital goods under the scheme, the supplier may become eligible for specific tax-related benefits for supplying goods against an EPCG authorisation.

3. Reduced Capital Expenditure Improves Export Competitiveness

By eliminating or reducing customs duty on capital goods, the EPCG Scheme lowers the upfront investment required for expansion.

Lower production costs also help exporters offer more competitive pricing in global markets, especially in price-sensitive sectors.&nbsp;

The EPCG Scheme also benefits service exporters, including IT firms, consultancies, and design agencies. It allows them to import capital goods such as servers, high-performance computers, and specialised equipment at a lower cost.&nbsp;

How to Apply for an EPCG License: A Step-by-Step Guide

Applying for an EPCG license is a fully digital process on the DGFT portal, completed in nine steps from registration to tracking your export obligation.

Step 1: Register on the DGFT Portal

Create an account using your <a href="https://www.skydo.com/blog/iec-code-full-form-importance-fees">Import Export Code</a>. A digital signature is required to proceed.&nbsp;

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Step 2: On the DGFT portal, select EPCG under services

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Next, you need to complete the ANF 5A (Application Form for EPCG Authorisation) on the portal. This form captures details about your business, capital goods to be imported, and the export obligation that you expect.

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Now, upload the relevant documents to the portal. The commonly required documents include your:

All details in the documents must match the information mentioned in the application.

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After uploading all the documents, you submit the ANF 5A form digitally and pay the required fee.

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